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There are a multitude of wind turbine design styles on the market and this document describes the completely unique Savonius wind turbine. Unlike the more familiar horizontal turbine designs, the Savonius wind turbine is based on a vertical architecture that relies on scoops to turn in the wind. This rotation is then transferred through a vertical shaft to the generator for the generation of electricity. This turbine is the perfect selection for applications that call for minimal power, but extreme reliability The simplicity of the Savonius design makes it a popular choice among applications that require as little maintenance as possible.

In the area of wind generated power there are different styles of devices used to capture the power of the wind and change it to electricity. Most of the designs follow the typical style of a windmill, or airplane style propeller that sits atop a tower and rotates to catch the wind. The Savonius wind turbine style is different in design because it is a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). This means that the real portion of the turbine that spins looks more like a rotating canister that attach to a vertical shaft coupled to the generator also mounted vertically near ground level. This vertical shaft then catches the wind, revolves the shaft to the generator to crank out the electrical current.

The original design of this form of wind turbine was completed in 1922 by Sigurd Savonius, a Finnish design engineer. This sort of turbine is used often because of it's simple design and reliability. Also, because it spins on a horizontal axis, there is no need to have a directional mechanism to keep the unit aligned with the wind like other types. It can catch the wind in any direction and reacts automatically to changes in wind direction. This type of turbine is considered a "drag style" turbine from an aerodynamic prospective.

It is based on the principle that because of the canisters shape, it experiences more drag when moving with the wind than against it and it benefits from the differential created and converts it to rotation. Since in general drag type turbines are not as efficient, it does not deliver as much power as the more conventional horizontal cousin, but can still have a wide range of applications. This type of wind turbine is used in nearly all of the atmospheric surveillance stations around the world as these tend to be located in isolated areas and the importance of reliability and low power consumption make the Savonius wind turbine a great choice.

They are also used on other distant locations like buoys far out in the ocean. They are also sometimes used to draw attention to advertising signs. In this application they are not used to create any power, but have opposite sides painted contrasting colors to clutch your attention as they spin. So in general the Savonius home wind turbine is a very different design that lends itself to many varied applications. Its simplicity and reliability make it the consummate choice for situations that require minimal power generation, but rock solid performance

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